A report by the Media Council of Kenya (MCK) across all 47 counties shows that journalists in Kenya face challenges that affect their work, safety, and ethical standards. These challenges include financial problems, safety risks, and difficulties in following ethical guidelines.
The report collected responses from journalists and media workers who explained the issues they face. Many journalists struggle with financial problems such as low pay, late payments, and large deductions from their salaries. About 62% of journalists said financial problems make it harder for them to follow ethical rules. These financial pressures lead some journalists to make compromises in their work.
The findings also looked at employment conditions. While 75% of journalists have written contracts, 80% of freelance journalists do not have formal contracts. Most contracts are short-term, with many being temporary positions. This creates job insecurity, which affects the quality of work. Additionally, 53% of journalists receive paid leave, but 47% do not, which adds to their financial difficulties.
Safety is another major issue. Journalists face threats like being denied access to information, physical attacks, and legal intimidation. Some also experience psychological harassment and damage to their equipment. MCK said that journalists often face risks such as arrests, phone tapping, and unfair dismissals, which make it harder for them to do their jobs.
Ethical challenges also arise from these conditions. Many journalists say they struggle to follow the Code of Conduct because of financial pressures. This raises concerns about the trustworthiness of media reporting.
MCK has suggested several solutions to address these problems. Media organizations should offer longer-term contracts to provide job security. More permanent positions should be created to improve morale. For freelance journalists, the Kenya Union of Journalists (KUJ) should help create standard contracts that include basic benefits like medical cover and paid leave. Media outlets should also improve safety measures, such as providing protective gear and training on risk assessment.
Journalists across the country participated in the study. MCK CEO David Omwoyo spoke about the challenges in the media industry during a World Press Freedom Day event on May 2, 2025. He pointed out that media organizations need to work together more effectively. He also emphasized that journalists’ dignity should be respected, noting that many lack medical cover and permanent contracts. Omwoyo also insisted on the role of technology in journalism, reminding everyone that technology can either support or harm the truth.
